Capacity Development

Conceptualisation Active Experimentation Re ective Observation Figure 9.1 Framework for clinical assessment Source: Adapted from Miller (1990) Box 9.3 About leadership Actions • Hands dirty and feet wet. • Initiative: lead by example. • Do not ask others to do what you would not do (that is, apprehending). • Ahead of the game (fingers on the pulse). • Take a hard decision at the right time. • Own success; do not disown failure. • Consistency. Interactions with staff • Motivate others by mentoring and team building. • Delegate properly; do not micromanage. • Exhibit trust in staff. • Take responsibility for honest mistakes by junior staff. • Prepare to stand your ground. Interactions with communities • Be respectful. • Listen first. • Become almost part of the community (embedded, approachable, fair). • Do not disrespect but do your job. • Seek respect (from staff and stakeholders)—not to be ‘liked’. Source: Squillante et al. (2010) Protected Area Governance and Management

Capacity Development on transboundary issues has been a hallmark of BOBP, ever since its formative years as a project of FAO.The training resources developed by the IGO serve as a ready reference for the participants and policy makers.The program on Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) spearheaded by the IGO has reached many stakeholders in the region and has been a signiöcant driver and enabler for national action in this regard.
We are alive to the changes happening in the ösheries management in terms of collection and use of information in öshing operation and management.The sector has internalized technology in every facets from locating öshes to öshing to connecting with the markets.With the increasing penetration of digital technology, the sector requires transformation in the way resources are assessed and managed.
We have re-designed the Capacity Development Programs (CDP) to deal with the contemporary and emerging management issues, with an objective of catalysing transformation in ösheries for sustainability and equity.Our path to achieve this is to facilitate implementation of ösheries management systems in the region that deal with issues in real-time and where policies are evidence-driven and ecosystem-based.
The BOBP-IGO will leverage its global knowledge networks and rope-in capacity building institutions and internationally acclaimed experts in the proposed programs.The curriculum of each of the CDPs will be developed and validated by R&D institutions to ensure that state-of-the-art knowledge and training methods are applied.
We design each module in our CDPs with great passion, as at BOBP, we do not just teach but we co-learn.
We look forward to welcome our co-learners.

Capacity Development Programmes
BOBP-IGO envisions to leverage the developments in e-applications and digital penetration post-pandemic, to rede ne its capacity development programs so as expand its reach and connect, by partnering with various national and regional agencies, thus enabling the member countries to adopt frontier tools and innovative approaches of sheries management towards future-proo ng the sector.
Capacity development has been the major focus of BOBP, ever since its inception.Marine ösheries management and coastal resource conservation are domains with large number of international treaties, declarations and voluntary instruments, to which the regional countries are committed.
Drawing strength from extensive global experience and vast pool of resources from the region and different parts of the world, BOBP-IGO aids in understanding them and in ensuring better compliance and institutionalization.Our øagship programmes on the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) are some of the examples, towards this end.
The capacity development programs of the IGO are conducted at two levels.
National level upskilling: These programmes are conducted at the national level (or subnational level, on need-based) and are aimed at improving the existing system by upskilling the institutional partners and other stakeholders.Some examples of incountry upskilling programmes are our training programmes on stock assessment in Bangladesh, audio-visual communication for Maldives and monitoring and reporting SDG-14 for Sri Lanka.
Regional Experience Sharing: BOBP recognizes that local solutions and success stories have great potential for replication and scape-up, leveraging the ecologicalcultural homogeneity in the Bay of Bengal region.BOBP identiöes the relative expertise of the countries and facilitates demonstration and dissemination of such solutions to the other members in the region.Some recent instances are IGOfacilitated visits of the officials and industry representatives from Bangladesh to the white-leg shrimp farming in India and tuna öshers from India to Sri Lanka.The programmes will be conducted in online mode and where feasible/essential, in hybrid mode.

EDP
EDPs are designed to cater to the capacity needs of senior of cials in the government and policy makers; executives from public sector organizations; senior level researchers, academicians, representatives of civil society organizations and independent intellectuals who contribute in policy advocacy at the national and regional level.
EAFM is a systematic tool to implement the ideals of the CCRF and moving towards sustainability.It is accepted as a guiding principle for sustainable resource utilization.EAFM implementation shall be enhanced through integration in ICZM framework.
The EAFM process has been endorsed in various global forums such as the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2012 (Rio+20) and Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015.The purpose of the MDP-EAFM training is to sensitize participants on the concept and principles of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM), and the planning skills involved in developing EAFM plans.The course is designed for ösheries officials especially those involved in capture ösheries planning and development.Participants will use a tested template to develop a draft EAFM plan for selected ösheries.Wherever possible, the course will focus on issues speciöc to the formulation of EAFM plan.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Plan for the holistic management of ösheries and reduce user group conøicts • Work cooperatively with stakeholders and resolve ösheries issues and challenges more effectively.
• Understand the principles of co-management and strategies for fostering cross-sector coordination • Practice the crucial skills of effective communication, facilitation and conøict management.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.
Flexible time-slots will be provisioned to suit the convenience of the participants.

About the Programme
EAFM is a systematic tool to implement the ideals of the CCRF and moving towards sustainability.It is accepted as a guiding principle for sustainable resource utilization.EAFM implementation shall be enhanced through integration in ICZM framework.
The EAFM process has been endorsed in various global forums such as the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2012 (Rio+20) and Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015.The purpose of the MDP-EAFM training is to sensitize participants on the concept and principles of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM), and the planning skills involved in developing EAFM plans.The course is designed for ösheries officials especially those involved in capture ösheries planning and development.Participants will use a tested template to develop a draft EAFM plan for selected ösheries.Wherever possible, the course will focus on issues speciöc to the formulation of EAFM plan.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Plan for the holistic management of ösheries and reduce user group conøicts • Work cooperatively with stakeholders and resolve ösheries issues and challenges more effectively.
• Understand the principles of co-management and strategies for fostering cross-sector coordination • Practice the crucial skills of effective communication, facilitation and conøict management.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.
Flexible time-slots will be provisioned to suit the convenience of the participants.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Appreciate the international reporting mechanisms and best practices thereof.
• Identify the inadequacies in the existing frameworks and create systems appropriate to the respective countries/regions.
• Implement and internalize the acquired knowledge in their respective spheres of work.

Period
Total learning hours: 25; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including three days break.

Enhancing Management Effectiveness of Spatial Conservation Measures
About the Programme Spatial conservation measures in the marine environment, particularly the marine protected areas (MPA) play a vital role in conserving the biodiversity, habitat and ecosystems.They also aid in averting potential conøicts among users by delineating the permitted and regulated activities.While the area under various spatial conservation measures has been on the rise, the effectiveness of their management has been debated often.
Management effectiveness in CBD framework implies "assessment of how well a protected area is being managed -primarily the extent to which it is protecting values and achieving goals and objectives." However, effectively managing PAs is a challenging task as it needs multi-sectoral balancing such as ensuring proper monitoring, meeting community aspirations, evaluating ecosystem integrity, identifying threat, and managing önance.The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has set speciöc target for the parties to CBD to implement management effectiveness evaluations within each Party's protected areas.
This MDP would break the silos and empower the officials in enhancing their effectiveness in implementation of the MESCM.This program will bring in conservation and management expert in a single platform and build the competencies of the participants to address their recurring and persistent problems.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Internalize the PA management philosophy.
• Understand the nuances of sectoral balance in the management of Pas.
• Use early detection methodologies to minimize risks.
• Improve reporting and communication.

Period
Total learning hours: 40; Four hours a day; spread over 15 Days, including öve days of self-study break.

Management Development Program
MDPs are designed to cater to the capacity needs of middle-level of cials in the government; executives from public sector organizations; senior and middlelevel level researchers, academicians, representatives of civil society organizations and independent intellectuals who are actively engaged in sheries resource management at the national and regional level.

About the Programme
Navigating the complexities of ösheries management needs providence and prudence.The 1995 Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) produced by the Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) represents the global wisdom on best practices for ösheries management.It provides guidance to full range of management activities from öshing operation to stakeholder engagement to R&D strategies.CCRF is the grammar of ösheries management and provides a succinct understanding on various ösheries governance functions, their linkages and also the global framework.
The MDP is meant to enable the officials to see the big picture while solidifying their ground actions.It will cover areas such as ösheries management, international treaties and conventions, stakeholder engagement, and policy making.This interactive programme is based on a problem solving approach where the participants will learn to apply different suites of best practices to analyse, understand and address the sectoral issues and developmental objectives.The programme is an enhanced version of the much popular Regional Training Course of CCRF of the BOBP-IGO for the junior and middle-level Officials under in which over 100 officials from different countries have been trained.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Appreciate the level of integration of the principles of CCRF in their respective regulatory frameworks for ösheries management.
• Understand the processes and mechanisms of enhancing the integration of CCRF principles in their day-to-day ösheries management activities.
• Enhance their effectiveness to address the reigning challenges such as combating IUU öshing, improving ösheries value chain and adapting to climate change.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.

Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management
EAFM is a systematic tool to implement the ideals of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF).It is accepted as a guiding principle for sustainable resource utilization.EAFM implementation shall be enhanced through integration in ICZM framework.
The EAFM process has been endorsed in various global forums such as the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2012 (Rio+20) and Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015.
The MDP-EAFM aims to sensitize the participants on the concept and principles of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM), and the planning skills involved in developing EAFM plans.The course is designed for ösheries officials especially those involved in capture ösheries planning and development.Participants will use a tested template to develop a draft EAFM plan for selected ösheries.Wherever possible, the course will focus on issues speciöc to the formulation of EAFM plan.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Plan for the holistic management of ösheries and reduce user group conøicts.
• Work cooperatively with stakeholders and resolve ösheries issues and challenges more effectively.
• Understand the principles of co-management and strategies for fostering cross-sector coordination.
• Practice the crucial skills of effective communication, facilitation and conøict management.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.

New Paradigms in Fish Stock Assessment
FAO has stated that only 25% of the global catch comes from the numerically assessed stocks and monitoring catch in Bay of Bengal region is problematic due to predominance of small scale and multi-species öshery.
Stock assessment is an important tool for ösheries managers to manage and regulate ösh stocks.This MDP aims at strengthening the core competencies of the öled officials from the development departments and young researchers involved in the process.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Understand the application of conventional stock assessment models and familiarize with the tools for real time stock assessment.
• Estimate the total population or total biomass of the stock and deöne the current status and condition of the stocks.
• Practice tools for predicting the response of the stocks to varying levels of öshing pressure.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.

-FSA MDP
The impacts of climate change are diverse and far-reaching and the öshers face the major brunt of it.While the global efforts to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change are underway, the major national and regional action required, is to prepare the adaptation plans, so as to make the communities resilient to the likely eventualities.This programme is developed as a refresher course for mid-career ösheries and environment officials and researchers to enable them to understand the process of developing effective adaptation plans in their area of work in view of changing climate.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Comprehend the nature, causes and impacts of climate change on ösh biology, behaviour and catch pattern in the national and regional context.
• Appreciate the various adaptation strategies and role of government and the communities in implementing them.
• Use the Sustainable Livelihood Approach to mitigate the risks and explore opportunities.

Period
Total learning hours: 25; Four hours a day; Spread over 8 Days, including two days break.

About the Programme
Greening the ösheries sector will aid in reducing the operational cost of the öshers across the value chain.This multi-disciplinary training programme will strive to equip the mid-career officials and researchers in the öeld of ösheries to prepare a roadmap for greening the ösheries value chain.
The emissions from the global öshing industry grew by 28% between 1990and 2011(Nature Climate Change, 8:333-337, 2018).The fuel use has also increased due to increase in the area of operation, longer searching time, congestion at the berthing and landing place, etc.With proper management strategy and application of scientiöc development, it is possible to reduce emission signiöcantly.
The program will bring on-board expertise from space science, engineering, naval architecture, ösheries science, economics, management and communication science to explore solutions for greening the ösheries value chain.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Appreciate the advancements in locating the potential öshing zones to reduce the scouting time, using remote sensing methods.
• Comprehend the suitable design modiöcation of öshing vessels, uses of alternative energy; and use of artiöcial intelligence to manage value chain.
• Develop business packages to take these beneöts to artisanal öshers and create mechanisms for stakeholder buy-in.

Period
Total learning hours: 25; Four hours a day; Spread over 8 Days, including two days break.

Business Case & Design Thinking for Development Projects Planning About the Programme
Mobilizing resources for developmental projects in the ösheries sector is a major challenge.Developing arguments for effective pitching and delineating cost-beneöts in development projects is an art by itself, which calls for building new perspectives and imparting speciöc skills among the officials in the ösheries department.
Any mid-career development executive in the government will be required to pitch development ideas to the policy makers; develop proposals for acquiring grants from various national and multilateral funding agencies; and prepare Detailed Project Reports (DPR) for effective implementation of the projects.
And this MDP aims to build the right perspectives and impart speciöc skills in each of the above aspects.The course will be delivered in two parts -örst the participants will be provided hands-on exercises for development of business cases for an illustrative ösheries development project; second, they will be introduced to the concepts of design thinking; and önally the participants will be imparted necessary skills for integrating these two approaches effectively for building a development project.
A business case provides justiöcation for undertaking a project, programme or portfolio.It evaluates the beneöt, cost and risk of alternative options and provides a rationale for the preferred solution.In this programme, the participants will be taken through a guided step-by-step process to analyse a ösheries issue, develop alternative solution, evaluate and rank the solutions and identify the best course of action.The participants will also be sensitized on the basic tenets of Design Thinking (DT) -a holistic paradigm of problem solving, which involves building a DT mind-set (attitude) and using DT toolset (skill).At the end of the course selected participants will get an opportunity to pitch their development project ideas to prospective funding agencies jointly with BOBP.

Expected Learning Outcome
On completion of the course, the participants will be able to: • Network with experts ahead in the curve and gain from their professional insights with respect to each of the core functionalities of development project management.
• Acquire necessary skills to use appropriate techniques for prioritizing a development solution using business case approach and design thinking perspectives.
• Write grant-winning proposals for the development projects.
• Develop Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for development projects with relative ease.

Period
Total learning hours: 30; Four hours a day; Spread over 10 Days, including two days break.
-BCDT MDP Recent UN Asia and the Paciöc SDG Progress Report 2021 noted that data is available for only 50% of the indicators and data is often not comparable.South Asia is one such region.Data shortage is especially pronounced in environmental goals like SDG 14, which deals with conservation and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.This EDP would develop capacity in collecting, collating and reporting data.
Data compliance is a major obstacle to monitor SDG progress.Inadequate or ineffective reporting of the national initiatives can lead to poor reøections on the effort of the countries in global forums.