Higher monitoring costs associated with more complex metrics could detract from funding used for project implementation. However, proper monitoring and evaluation are key to ensure that smallholder farmers and other project stakeholders achieve desired outcomes. Outcomes should not be imbalanced in favor of investors’ financial needs at the expense of smallholders. Peter Holmgren, director general of the Center for International Forestry Research, said the key investments are really made by the local smallholder farmers who bear the greatest risk. “Making it easier for farmers to earn a living while leaving soil and forests intact is what will make a difference.”