North Kalimantan, Indonesia: Low-emission rural development (LED-R) at a glance

• Newest province in Indonesia, established in 2012 (formerly part of East Kalimantan)
• 30% of provincial population are migrants from other provinces, with recent migrants settling in urban areas; population growth g agricultural land conversion, production decrease & increased reliance on imports
• 90% of provincial area contained in forests zoned for protection, conservation & production
• Palm oil accounts for 62% of agricultural production
• Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP), one of the largest conservation areas in SE Asia & a central part of the Heart of Borneo Initiative, encompasses over 15% of the jurisdiction (13,600 km2)
• Endangered Bornean elephants in the Sebuku forest are protected by national regulations & culturally valued, but human-elephant conflict is increasing due to oil palm expansion into their habitat

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